NATS basics

Explain how NATS works on a high level and then provide example with simplt e2e flow, use C#

NATS operates as a lightweight publish/subscribe messaging system where clients subscribe to subjects and publishers send messages, enabling decoupled communication patterns.

• Clients connect via gRPC and authenticate using JWT tokens.
• Messages are routed based on subject names without requiring direct peer connections.

var client = new Client(new ConnectionConfig{Url="nats://localhost"});
await client.ConnectAsync();
await client.PublishAsync("hello", "world");